Stop pretending that you can’t do anything to save Syrians

This open letter was first published at the New York Review of Books.

The UN says it has run out of words on Syria, but we, the undersigned, still have some for the governments, parliamentarians, electorates and opinion leaders of the powers on whom the international legal order has hitherto depended.

The world is a bystander to the carnage that has ravaged the lives of Syrians. All has happened in full view of a global audience that sees everything but refuses to act.

Through Russian obstruction and western irresolution, the UN Security Council has failed to protect Syrians. To the extent that it has been able to pass resolutions, they have proved ineffectual. All they have done is provide a fig leaf to an institution that appears moribund. Perhaps conscious of the stain this might leave on its legacy, the UN has even stopped counting Syria’s dead. After seven years, these nations appear united only in their apathy.

It will be redundant to list the nature and magnitude of all the crimes that the Assad regime has committed against Syrians, aided by local and foreign militias, by Iranian strategic and financial aid, by Russian airpower and mercenaries—and by international indifference. The world that watched and averted its eyes is its passive enabler.

Syrians were shot and killed in broad daylight for protesting injustice. They were imprisoned, tortured and executed. They were bombed and shelled. They were besieged, raped and humiliated. They were gassed. They were Adisplaced and dispossessed.

Those with the power to act have been generous with expressions of sympathy but have offered nothing beyond the wish that this war on civilians—which they grotesquely call a “civil war”—would end. They call on “all parties” to show restraint, even though one side alone has a virtual monopoly on violence; they encourage all parties to negotiate, even though the opposition is entirely without leverage. They say there is “no military solution” though the regime has given no indication that it believes in a solution of any other kind.  Meanwhile, pleas from aid agencies and endangered Syrians fall on deaf ears.

Refugees—the only Syrians to have received some assistance—have seen their plight depoliticized, isolated from the terror that forced them to flee.

Today, as Idlib and Afrin burn, the inevitable is unfolding in Ghouta, the huge open air concentration camp about to enter its fifth year under siege. What happens next is predictable because the same formula has been applied repeatedly over the past seven years. After holding a civilian population hostage, blocking food, medicine and aid of any kind, the regime bombs the area relentlessly, in particular its medical facilities, until it capitulates. Those that survive are then forced from their homes that are then expropriated for demographic engineering with the aim of creating politically homogenous geographies.

While there are no longer any illusions about the role of the Security Council, every member state has nevertheless adopted and pledged to uphold the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine under the UN’s Office on Genocide Prevention. The destruction of Syria was preventable, and can now only be ended by the elected and appointed members of democratic bodies if they fulfill their obligations under R2P to protect Syria’s endangered population from war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and what UN war crimes investigators have themselves labeled the “crime of extermination”.

For the agony of the people of Syria to come to an end, it must be forcibly stopped. The perpetrators of these colossal crimes against humanity must be halted once and for all. There are myriad geopolitical reasons why this is an imperative, but none as immediate and important as the sanctity of life and the exercise of free will. Inaction would reduce these principles to the status of platitudes devoid of all meaning. To their misfortune, Syrians dared to believe in these principles; they dared to believe that while their struggle for dignity was theirs alone, they wouldn’t be abandoned to such a fate in the 21^st century.

Today, appealing once more to the ethics and the codes of moral conduct on which democracy and international law are built, we ask you to act now to stop the Syrian genocide: demand an immediate ceasefire, an immediate lifting of all sieges, immediate access for relief aid agencies, release of political detainees, and immediate protection for all Syrian lives.

Affiliations for identification purposes only

• Yassin Al-Haj Saleh, writer, Berlin
• Robin Yassin-Kassab, writer, Scotland
• Rime Allaf, writer
• Leila Al Shami, Syrian writer and human rights activist, UK
• Mohammad Al Attar, Syrian playwright, Berlin
• Feras Fayyad, director Last Men in Aleppo
• Michel Kilo, Syrian writer and politician, Paris
• Moncef Marzouki, Former President of Tunisia
• Burhan Ghalioun, academician and thinker, Paris
• Karam Nachar, Syrian writer and academic, Istanbul
• Mohammad Ali Atassi, journalist and filmmaker, Beirut
• Ossama Mohammed, filmmaker, Paris
• Yasmin Fedda, filmmaker, UK
• Fadel Abdul Ghany, Chairperson of the Syrian Network for Human Rights
• Ebrahim Alyousef, President of Human Rights Association in Syria, Germany
• Nisrin Al Zahre, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris
• Nadia Aissaoui, sociologist, Paris
• Leila Nachawati Rego, writer, Spain
• Hala Mohammad, Syrian poet, Paris
• Afra Jalabi, Syrian writer, Canada
• Mohja Kahf, Syrian writer
• Rula Jebreal, writer and journalist
• Yasser Munif, Emerson College, Boston
• Mohammed Hanif, writer and journalist, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Samih Choukaer, Syrian musician, Paris
• Professor Martti Koskenniemi, University of Helsinki
• Professor Gilbert Achcar, SOAS, University of London
• Professor Nader Hashemi, University of Denver
• Professor François Burgat, Institut de Recherches et d’Etudes sur le Monde Arabe et Musulman (IREMAM), Aix-en-Provence, France
• Professor Fawaz A. Gerges, London School of Economics (LSE)
• Professor Mutaz Al Khatib, writer, Syria
• Professor Joseph Bahout, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
• Professor James Simpson, Harvard University
• Professor Michael Nagler, Metta Center for Nonviolence, California
• Professor Ziad Majed, political scientist, Paris
• Professor Wendy Pearlman, Northwestern University
• Professor Steven Heydeman, Smith College
• Professor Joe Schwartzberg, University of Minnesota
• Professor Murhaf Jouejati
• Professor Lars Chittka
• Professor Amr Al-Azm, Shawnee State University
• Professor Ghassan Hage, Melbourne University
• Professor Ahmed Barqawi, Palestinian-Syrian
• Professor H.A. Hellyer, Atlantic Council
• Professor Jamie Mayerfeld, University of Washington
• Professor Stephen Zunes, University of San Francisco
• Professor Anna Kathrin Bleuler, University of Salzburg
• Professor Carola Lentz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
• Professor Dr. Love Ekenberg, UNESCO Chair, Stockholm University, Sweden
• Professor Dr. Annie Sparrow, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
• Professor Dr. Andreas Diekmann, ETH Zurich – Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
• Professor Saskia Sassen, Columbia University, NY
• Professor Dr. Marion Albers, Fakultät für Rechtswissenschaft, Universität Hamburg
• Professor Paula Gutlove, Institute for Resource and Security Studies, Cambridge, MA
• Professor Scott Lucas, University of Birmingham, UK
• Professor Barbara Hobson, Stockholm University, Sweden
• Professor Jairo Lugo-Ocando, University of Leeds, UK
• Christoph Reuter, journalist, Germany
• Janine di Giovanni, author
• Haid Haid, Syrian researcher, Chatham House, London
• Yassin Swehat, Syrian journalist, Istanbul
• Charles Lister, Middle East Institute
• Loubna Mrie, Syrian journalist, New York
• Rafat Alzakout, theater director and documentary filmmaker, Berlin
• Khaldoun al Nabwani, writer and academician, Paris
• Abdul Wahab Badrakhan, journalist, UK
• Ghayath Almadhoun, poet, Palestine, Syria – Sweden
• Subhi Hadidi, writer, Syria – France
• Stephen R. Shalom, New Politics
• Barry Finger, New Politics
• Jason Schulman, New Politics
• Omar Kaddor, writer, France
• Najati Tayara, intellectual, Syria – Paris
• Hazami Zhour, intellectual, Syria
• Marcelle Shehwaro, Syrian activist, Istanbul
• Kenan Rahmani, Syrian campaigner
• Muhammad Idrees Ahmed, University of Stirling, Scotland
• Lydia Wilson, University of Oxford
• Thomas Pierret, Researcher, CNRS, France
• Kelly Grotke, writer/academic, Visiting Scholar at Cornell University
• Danny Postel, Northwestern University
• Ruslan Trad, Bulgarian-Syrian author of The Murder of A Revolution, Sofia
• Stephen Hastings-King, writer/researcher, Massachusetts
• Anna Nolan, human rights campaigner
• Rafif Jouejati, FREE-Syria
• Rami Al-Jarrah, journalist, Turkey
• CJ Werleman, Middle East Eye
• Shiyam Galyon, Books Not Bombs
• Miream Salameh, Syrian refugee & visual artist, Melbourne
• Molly Crabapple, artist, author of Drawing Blood
• Ammar Abdulhamid, Syrian-American author and activist
• Jasmin Mujanović, political scientist, Durham, North Carolina
• Susan Viguers, Book Artist, University of the Arts, Philadelphia
• Senay Ozden, researcher, Istanbul
• Nadim Shehadi, Fares Center for Eastern Mediterranean Studies, Tufts University
• Gordon Thompson, Institute for Resource and Security Studies, Cambridge, MA
• Faraj Bairakdar, poet, Stockholm
• Rihab Saad, University of Minnesota
• Hanna Himo, Syrian poet, Stockholm
• Andrea Love, educator, Citizens in Solidarity with the People of Syria, MPLS, MN
• Theo Horesh, author and journalist, Colorado
• Deidre A. Kellogg Ketroser, Founder, Human2Human Compassion, MPLS, MN
• Fares Helou, Syrian actor, Paris
• Vladimir Tarnopolsky, musician, Russia
• Sarah Hunaidi, writer, Chicago
• Véronique Nahoum-Grappe, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, France
• 

Husam Alkatlaby, human rights activist, The Netherlands
• Assem Al Basha, Syrian sculptor, Spain
• Maen Albayari‏, journalist, Jordan
• Michael Karadjis, Western Sydney University
• Stefan Tarnowski, translator
• Mutasem Syoufi, The Day After
• Najib Ghadbian, academic and activist
• Ammar Abd Rabbo, journalist
• Laila Alodaat, lawyer, UK
• Sarah Kay, human rights lawyer, UK
• Fares Albahra, Syrian poet and psychiatrist, Berlin
• Paweł Machcewicz, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Sarah Kilani, doctor, France
• Ibrahim Al-Jabeen, Al-Arab, Germany
• Charles Davis, writer, Los Angeles
• Marie-Thérèse Kiriaky, activist
• Pastor David Tatgenhorst, Philadelphia
• Necati Sönmez, filmmaker, Turkey
• Francesca Scalinci, independent scholar, Italy
• Kris Manjapra, Fellow, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin; Associate Professor, Tufts University
• Harald Etzbach, historian, journalist and translator, Germany
• Zeynep Kıvılcım, Institute for Advanced Study, Berlin
• Housamedden Darwish, Assistant Professor, Department of Oriental Studies, Department of Philosophy, University of Cologne
• Qianfan Zhang, Peking University
• Lisa Herzog, Hochschule für Politik München
• Dr. Eduardo Ballán. engineer, Madrid, Spain
• Dr. Matthias Egeler, Fellow, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
• Alice von Bieberstein, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
• Georg Essen, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
• H. Glenn Penny, University of Iowa
• Katharina Wiedemann, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
• Andres Staire, Musician, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
• Sadek Abed Alrahman, Journalist, Istanbul
• Amr Shannan, IT engineer and activist, Istanbul
• Nour al-Hussen Villa, Santiago de Compostela
• Salam Alhaj Hasan, Bochum, Germany
• Habib Nassar, lawyer and activist, Amsterdam
• Hussam Eddin Mohammad, Al-Quds Al-Arabi newspaper, UK
• Nouri Al-Jarrah, Al-Arab, UK
• Khaldoun Al-Shamaa, Al-Jadeed, UK
• Ahmad Omar, Al-Arabi Al-Jadeed, Germany
• Abdallah Maksour, writer, Belgium
• Wael Sawah, writer, US
• Khaled Al-Nasseri, Al-Mutawasset, Italy
• Sana Al-Aloul, Al-Quds Al-Arabi newspaper, UK
• Mufeed Najm, writer and teacher, Kuwait
• Christin Lüttich, political scientist, Berlin
• Ahmad Barkawi, teacher, UAE
• Basheer Albakr, Al-Arabi Aljadeed, UK
• Rehab Chaker, Syrian-Dutch translator, The Netherlands
• Désanne van Brederode, Dutch philosopher and writer, The Netherlands
• Jurgen Maas, Dutch publisher, The Netherlands
• Marjolein Wijnincks, Dutch Arabist, The Netherlands
• Hanny Wieles, Dutch Language teacher, The Netherlands
• Oz Katerji, journalist
• Naomí Ramírez Díaz, translator and researcher, Madrid
• Santiago Alba Rico, writer and thinker, Tunisia
• Rosa Yassin Hassan, Syrian novelist, Hamburg
• Indira Mattar, journalist, Lebanon
• 
Mohamad Khouli, Syrian American Forum, Minnesota
• Elsa Wiehe, academic
• Shilpa Jindia, journalist
• Inga Geipel, biologist, Berlin
• Viktoriya Sereda, Associate Professor, Ukrainian Catholic University
• Luca Giuliani, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
• Catherine Wilson, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
• Ghalia Kabbani, Syrian journalist and writer, London
• Fadel Sultani, Iraqi poet and writer, London
• Yasser Khanger. poet, Occupied Syrian Golan
• Mahmoud Mahmoud, Physician, Occupied Syrian Golan, Germany
• Turki Amer, poet, Palestine
• Randa Maddah, artist, Occupied Syrian Golan
• Moheeb Barghuthi, poet, Palestine
• Raed Wahesh, writer and journalist, Palestine – Syria
• Ali Mawassi, poet and editor, Palestine
• Fares  Albahra, Syrian poet and psychiatrist, Berlin
• Yamen Hussein, Syrian poet, Munich
• Abdulrahman Alhallak, Syrian writer and teacher, Kuwait
• Hala Alabdalla, Syrian filmmaker, Paris
• Anthony Merjan, Syrian-Swedish Association, Stockholm
• Murhaf Fares, Syrian Peace Action Centre, SPACE, Oslo
• Zeina Bali, Syrian Peace Action Centre, SPACE, Oslo
• Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani, Professor Emeritus, ETH Zürich
• Joel Hubrecht, jurist, France
• Marc Hakim, doctor, France
• Chibli Mallat‏, lawyer, Beirut
• Bárbara Azaola Piazza, academician, UCLM, Spain
• Özhan Önder, Hamisch Syrian Cultural Center, Istanbul
• Eric Ruder, Journalist, Socialist Worker, US
• Tim Fieblinger, Lund University, Sweden
• Khaled Hourani, artist, Palestine
• Bayan Shbib, theater-maker, Palestine
• Karama Abu Saleh, lawyer, Occupied Syrian Golan
• Rasha Hilwi, writer and journalist, Palestine
• Huda Diban, poet, Palestine – Syria
• Fahed Halabi, artist
• Reem Talhami, artist, Palestine
• Ala Hlehel, writer, Palestine
• Khawla Ibraheem, actress and director, Occupied Syrian Golan
• Maha Ighbaria, Palestine
• Aram Abusaleh, activist, Occupied Syrian Golan
• Tareq Alarabi, poet, Palestine
• Ali Abu Awad, general surgeon, Occupied Syrian Golan
• Maya Rahabi, Syrian novelist and writer, Paris
• Marwan Ali, poet, Germany
• Adam Sabra, University of California, Santa Barbara
• Sam Charles Hamad, writer, UK
• Isaac Miller, writer, US
• Dan La Botz, New Politics
• Sara Mannheimer, writer, glassblower, Stockholm, Sweden
• Fredrika Linder, artist, Nacka, Sweden
• Björner Torsson, writer, Vamlingbo, Sweden
• Eva Runefelt, writer, Stockholm, Sweden
• Magnus William-Olsson, writer, Stockholm, Sweden
• Daphné Keramidas, visual artist, Stockholm, Sweden
• Eva Björkander-Mannheimer, Phil.lic., Gothenburg, Sweden
• Annika Thor, writer, Stockholm, Sweden
• Jan Henrik Swahn, writer, Stockholm, Sweden
• Jörgen Lind, writer, Gothenburg, Sweden
• Katarina Nitsch, artist and Senior Lecturer, Royal Institute of Art, Stockholm
• Laurent Dan Moeri, AntidoteZine.com, Switzerland
• Dror Feiler, musician, composer, artist, and activist, Stockholm, Sweden
• Kholod Saghir, producer, Uppsala, Sweden
• Otto Mannheimer, critic, Cairo, Egypt
• Mahmoud al-Rimawi, writer, Jordan
• Wolf Lepenies, Permanent Fellow at the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
• Saad Bintiflah Alajmi, academic & former minister, Kuwait
• Haytham Khoury, physician and political activist
• Maher Masoud, Syrian writer, Berlin
• Pamela Slotte, Åbo Akademi University, Finland
• Ann-Marie Tung Hermelin, writer, Stockholm, Sweden
• Johanne Lykke Holm, Writer, Copenhagen, Denmark
• Massood Mafan, Translator, Uppsala, Sweden
• Johanna Schartau, artist and filmmaker, Glemmingebro, Sweden
• Anna Jansson, translator, Stockholm, Sweden
• Lina Ekdahl, writer, Gothenburg, Sweden
• Anna-Karin Palm, writer, Nacka, Sweden
• Catherine Coquio, educator and researcher
• Cecilia Roos, dancer, Stockholm, Sweden
• Khashayar Naderehvandi, poet, Gothenburg, Sweden
• Morten Søndergaard, poet, Paris, France
• Kerstin Munck, Senior Lecturer, Stockholm, Sweden
• Johan Petri, director, Stockholm, Sweden
• Hanna Hallgren, poet, Hägersten, Sweden
• Lisa Åkesson, Lecturer, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
• Polly Kellogg, Minneapolis, Minnesota
• Gail Daneker, Activist, St. Paul, Minnesota
• Ed Sutton, Antidote Writers Collective, Minneapolis, Minnesota
• Comité Syrie-Europe après Alep
• Bakr Sidki, writer and translator, Gaziantep, Turkey
• Samantha Falciatori, activist and blogger
• Patrick Hilsman, journalist and researcher, New York
• Terry Burke, Minnesota Committee in Solidarity with the People of Syria (CISPOS)
• Andrew Berman, Minnesota Committee in Solidarity with the People of Syria (CISPOS)
• Mary Rizzo, translator, activist, blogger, Italy
• Tristan Sloughter, writer, US
• Kathleen McKay
• Ian Keith, educator, St. Paul, Minnesota
• Stanley Heller, television news host, US
• Mahmoud Murad, member of Solidarity & RefugeeHub, Sydney
• Khaled Sattouf, Syrian activist, Sydney
• Mark Goudkamp, member of Solidarity & Refugee Action Coalition Sydney
• Alex Johnson: Stop the Intervention Collective Sydney (STICS) & Jura Collective
• Austin G Mackell, former journalist, founder and CEO of Write In Stone pty ltd, Sydney
• Suraina Pasha, journalist
• Ruth Riegler, writer, editor
• Andrew Pollack, human rights activist
• Judith Hempfling, Yellow Springs, Ohio, US
• Anno Bunnik, Researcher, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
• Adham Sahloul, Syrian American
• Adam Shatz, writer, New York
• Abdul-Wahab Kayyali, Palestinian-Jordanian academic
• Neveser Koker, Arizona State University
• Diana B. Greenwald, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Harvard Kennedy School
• Riad Houry, international development professional, Switzerland
• Sawsan Kayyali, pharmacist, Amman, Jordan
• Rania Kayyali, Amman, Jordan
• Tala Kayyali, health care professional, Cambridge, Massachusetts
• Rafah Nached, psychoanalyst, France
• Fawaz Mzayek, professor, US
• Abed Alaziz Aidy, Syrian activist, Germany
• Dima Nachawi, artist, Lebanon
• Edwar Hanna, architect, Austria
• Assaad Al Achi, Baytna Syria, Turkey
• Jamil Nahra, writer, Spain
• Kheder Alagha, writer and journalist, Syria, Germany
• Ahmad Sleiman, writer and poet, Berlin
• Ziad Aziz, Decostamine Initiative, Lebanon
• Alia El Atassi, translator, Germany
• Mohammad Alhaj Saleh, writer, Norway
• Mwaffak Altroudi, Strasbourg, France
• Wasim Maziak, professor, US
• Zawer Barsbai, US
• Anas Alali, Syrian journalist, Libya
• Adel Kadri, Tunisia
• Esmael Ot Tallah, cinematographer, Sweden
• Ismail Fayed, writer, Egypt
• Eyas Al Mohammad, journalist, Syria
• Jenan Salah, Syria, Germany
• Khaled Aljaramani, musician, France
• Nawar Bulbul, France
• Raeda Deksian -Ashkar, The Netherlnds
• Lubna Alkanawati, Syrian activist, Turkey
• Karim Al Afnan, journalist, UK
• Mohammad Al Hessan, Austria
• Khaled Barakeh, visual artist, Syria/Germany
• Maabad Alhassoun, Syrian writer and journalist, France
• Khouloud Al Zghayare, Syrian sociologist, France
• Hashem Tahri, Syrian citizen, Kuwait
• Talal Tohme, jourrnalist, Lebanon
• Najah Abd Albaki, teacher, Syria
• Walid Fawal, Canada
• Anwar Alomar, engineer, Canada
• Aladin Halim, Australia
• Habib Alraii, Sweden
• Ahmad Alsharkat, Turley
• lama Alnabelsi, Syria – The Netherlands
• Abboud Ash-shami, Syria
• Nashwan Atassi, author, Paris
• Araa al Jaramani, ULB- Brussels
• Rehab Hassoun, Germany
• Radwan Alrachi, Syria
• Nael Balawi, Austria
• Muammar Nakhla, psychologist, Germany
• Bassam Yousef, Sweden
• Huda Jafar, writer, Yemen
• Bushra Albashawat, Germany
• Nael Georges, Syrian writer
• Jan Abaza, Egypt
• Assen Hamsho, Syrian activist, Paris
• Muhammad Musallam, student, Turkey
• Liana Badr, Palestinian author
• Mustafa Aljarf, refugee, France
• Hazem Dakel, Syrian journalist
• Azzam Moustafa, Syrian refugee, Germany
• Rami Khalaf, France
• Maha Alkhateeb, Syria
• Touhama Al Jondi, journalist, Bulgaria
• Abdelilah Shafa’a, refugee, Denmark
• Radwan Al Rawi, The Netherlands
• Najat Elya, US
• Tarek Hokan, lawyer, Germany
• Liwaa Yazji, filmmaker and writer, Syria
• Siraj Sulaiman, Syrian Physician, Saudi Arabia
• Majed Al Jomah, Syrian physician
• Moayed Skaif, journaist, Syria
• Mikael Bourner, Sweden
• Linda Baris, France
• Sean Keith, United States
• Hala Atassi, journalist, Syria
• Noman Halawa, teacher, Syria – Turkey
• Ayman Owida, writer, Tunisia
• Suzan Aldairi Daghestani, mother, US
• Salama Darwish, dentist, Syria
• Adnan Jaber, writer, France
• Aabed Moubayed, UK
• Faissal Dahmoush, Turkey
• Samira Hassan, Ireland
• Ghanem Daghestani, physician, Texas, US
• Salah Hanaya, poet, Syria
• Nidall Jaouni, architect, Canada
• Kais Atfeh, Germany
• Hosni Ghadi, Canada, Syria
• Siba Al-Khadour, Canada
• Suheyl Hammud, Syria
• Salam Doudieh, translator, Spain
• Waleed Alhaj Saleh, lawyer, Sweden
• Omar Zahra, engineer, US
• Mohammad Abou Laban, writer, Berlin
• Moutaz Rafeh, Canada
• Maya Alrahabi, writer and feminist activist, France
• Akram Aboud, Riyadh
• Rabih Aljundi, engineer, Syria
• Mohamed Sami Al Habbal, journalist, Germany
• Samir Suleiman, engineer, Australia
• Fawzi Ghozlan, poet, Syria
• Mahmoud Abood, Saudi Arabia
• Mechal Aladawi, journalist, Japan
• Anas Alsaied Ahmad, Sweden
• Nasser Fardousi, Research Fellow, UK
• Bashar Kassir, activist, Canada
• Kheder al Shuwaikh, accountant, Turkey
• Tamer Jabbour, activist, Canada
• Maha Assabalani, journalist, France
• Ibrahim Alwash, Syrian writer, France
• Mazen El Khash, Toronto, Canada
• Muna Antoun, US
• Houssam Meli, Philippines
• Hareth Sleiman, university professor, Beirut
• Ayham Dahi, California, US
• Mudar Yaghi, governance and local administration specialist, Turkey
• Najwa Zahhar, Jordan
• Abir Faroussi, Canada
• Hiroki Okazaki, political thinker, Japan
• Alexa Firat, academic and literary translator, US
• Mhd Mounir Alfakir, activist, Turkey
• Joseph Badaoui, journalist, AFP
• Bara’a Sarraj, University of Chicago
• Mahmoud AboBaker, student, Syria/USA
• Mohammad Yousef, The Netherlads
• Refaa Alhaj Saleh, teacher, The Netherlands
• Rima Flihan, writer, Australia
• Orwa Najeeb, doctor, Eastern Ghouta, Syria
• Mariam Shareef, poet, Jordan
• Bakr Ghbeis, Harvard University
• Fawaz Kadrie, Germany
• Hadeel Merei Hussein, ophthalmologist, France
• Ayed Kazour, photographer, UAE
• Qusay Al-Shuwaikh, engineer, Syrian, Oman
• Nahla Taher, journalist, Germany
• Mansoura Ez Eldin, writer, Egypt
• Jamal Mansour, Canada
• Tina Abzakh, Sweden
• Firas Banna, Palestine
• Ahmad Taha, Representative of Damascus countryside governorate
• Angie Hussami Finvold, Norway
• Sua’ad Khebbiya, journalist, Egypt
• Taher Mokhtar, medical doctor, France
• Banah Ghadbian, PhD Student, University of California San Diego
• Hazem Aboyouness, Sweden
• Barry T. Rubin, Scientist, UK
• Hassan Alawadh. Syrian writer and phisicia
• Samir Nashar, politician, Istanbul
• Kinana Roukbi, graphic designer, Beirut
• Wael Tarabieh, painter, Occupied Golan Heights
• Fae’k Assa’ad, academic, Germany
• Mazen Kwider, accountant, UAE
• Rasha Omran, Syrian poet, Cairo
• Azzam Alhamad, lawyer, Sweden
• Muhammad Ukla, painter
• Khaled Mansour, writer, Egypt
• Hazem Saghieh, journalist, Lebanon
• Chaza Charafeddine, artist, Lebanon
• Fadi Alshalak, doctor
• Nader Alkasem, Danmark
• Sanaa Howijeh, Austria
• Fawwaz Haddad, Syrian novelist, Doha
• Nawal Sibai, Syrian writer, Spain
• Raja Ben Slama, author, Tunisia
• Belal Fadl, writer, Egypt
• Massoud Mohamed, political activist, Lebanon
• Melhem Abu-saleh, Academic, Occupied Golan Heights
• Mohamad al Rashi, actor, France
• Abeer Refai, teacher, Belgium
• Adel Taher, engineer, Lebanon
• Michal Schwartz
• Mohamed Abdel Rahim Abdo, Egypt
• Zekriat Saadi, UAE
• Issa Almustafa, English teacher, Syria
• Ghiath Mhithawi, Germany
• Hassan Bleibel, cartoonist, Lebanon
• Nizar Murtada, Lebanon
• Diana Moukalled, journalist, Lebanon
• Jumana Abazeed, UAE
• Khaldoun Zreik, professor, Paris
• Amal Ataya, psychologist, Lebanon
• Ibrahim Lakiss, Lebanon
• Ahmad Kamalmaz, journalist, Dortmund, Germany
• Rafif Fattouh, writer, Paris
• Dirar Khattab, journalist, Germany
• Dawlat Derbas, student, Nederlands
• Joshka Wessels, filmmaker/researcher, Lund, Sweden
• Nauzad Bakir, The Netherlands
• Bana Roukbi, Beirut
• Baraa Mousa‎‏, a refugee without work, The Netherlands
• Azzam Tayba, Lebanon
• Issam Alfaour, Germany
• Rachad Kiwan, Syria
• Emad Obeid, graphic designer, UAE
• Anissa Daoudi, lecturer, UK
• Fouad Salama, medical doctor, Lebanon
• Nabil Al Khateeb, play director, Jordan
• Ahmad Sadiddin, economist, Rome
• Jihad Assami, UAE
• Hazim Alaridi, Syrian journalist, Istanbul
• Safaa Fathy, poet, filmmaker, Egypt/France
• Salma Karkoutli, journalist
• Hind Mujalli, Syria
• Fouad Mullla, architect, Hungary
• Yassine Ayari, parliamentarian, Tunisia
• Atef Sabooni, medical doctor, Saudi Arabia
• Taher Taher, doctor, The Netherlands
• Lubana Al Quntar, opera singer, US
• Mania Elendari, social worker, Toronto
• Ahlam Younis, Syria
• Evana Ward, psychologist, Belgium
• Muhannad Qaiconie, university student
• Nisal Muhana, journalist, Germany
• Nouran Dandashi, Istanbul
• Sabah Hallak, researcher, Syria
• Hamza Alkhedr, Sweden
• Zaid Muhammad, The Netherlands
• Mohammad Nourallah, Turkey
• Hanine Alhamis. France
• Ekbal Balag, cameraman, Russia
• Ahmed Basha, journalist, Bulgaria
• Mustafa Alkhatib, Hungary
• Mamoun Khalife, Czech Republic
• Khalil alasmar, Syrian medical doctor, Istanbul
• Ahmed Abdeen, journalist, Egypt
• Mazen Hassoun, journalist, Dortmund, Germany
• Zein Nachar, Syrian editor
• Hitaf Alkssir, Norway
• Mokhtar Debbabi, editor in chief of the Arab International newspaper, Tunisia
• Faten Ajjan, Syrian journalist, Paris
• Nawaf Alrakad, Syrian politician, Germany
• Remal Nofal, Turkey
• Ghazi Dahman, journalist, Angers
• Nidal Abou Shaheen, activist
• Mustafa Rajeh, journalist, Yemen
• Hiba Alhamed, Syrian student, France
• Almuthana Alsayer, Berlin
• Maya Alhaj Saleh, Norway
• Yousef Saed, writer, Palestine
• Hosheng Ossi, writer and poet. Belgium
• Dalia Obeid, France
• Abdurrahman Hallaq, Syrian writer, Kuwait
• Mohammad Amin Othman, Germany
• Feisal Kerdieh, Germany
• Mohammad Amir Nasherenni’am, Syrian, Germany
• Hala Alrida, Sweden
• Hassan Abbas, researcher, Lebanon
• Basseem Ash-shufi, Syria
• Joumana Merhy, Lebanon
• Adnan Debs, Syrian activist
• Ahmad Basha, France
• Orwa Khalifeh, journalist, Turkey
• Dara Abdallah, writer, Berlin
• Khateeb Badle, writer, Turkey
• Abdul Karim Majdal Al-beik, painter, Berlin
• Sawsan Shahoud, Germany
• Adnan Abdelrazak, journalist, Turkey
• Rand Entabi, Sweden
• Mahmoud Najjar, activist, Turkey
• Hisham Almasouri, Yemen
• Mohammad Abu Hajar, musician, Berlin
• Ibrahim Al Kadri, Sweden
• Mohamed Ruchdi Cherbagi, Germany
• Bashar Farahat, medical doctor, London
• Ruba Khadamaljamei, translator, Istanbul
• Talib Alali, engineer, Syria/Canada
• Mohamad Zein El Hajji, journalist, Paris
• Fouad Roueiha, Syrian-Italian journalist
• Sahab Alrefai, jurist, Sweden
• Zuhair Fakir, freelancer, Syria
• Rosanna Sirignano, writer, Italy
• Veronica Bellintani, student, Italy
• Aadeed Nassarr, writer, Lebanon
• Samer Mokhtar, Cairo
• Mohammad Antabli, Syrian Founder of Palmyra relief, London
• Sabah Sabra, Canada
• Raffaella Piazzi, human right activist, Italy
• Asmaa Azaizeh, Palestine
• Ammar Al Nakeeb, Belgium
• Dr. Safwan Tayfour, Croatia
• Manu Goswami, Associate Professor, New York University
• Kent Pettersson, psychoanalyst, Stockholm, Sweden
• Christer Bothen, musician, Stockholm, Sweden
• Sara Lunden, artist, Stockholm, Sweden
• Annika Heed, artist, Sollentuna, Sweden
• Else-Britt Kjellqvist, writer, Stockholm, Sweden
• Babis Carabeidis, Stockholm, Sweden
• Claes Levander, Sweden
• Hanna Olsson, writer, Stockholm Sweden
• Tove Faye-Wevle, curator, Stockholm, Sweden
• Marcia Sá Cavalcante Schuback, professor of philosophy, Stockholm, Sweden
• Merete Enggaard Jakobsen, Copenhagen, Denmark
• Alicia Wideman, teacher, Canada
• Maher Kayyali, Arab Institute for Research and Publishing, Amman – Beirut
• Fakhreddine Fayyad, Syrian journalist and novelist, France
• Obada Hamoudi, Saudi Arabia
• Yousef Daees, Turkey
• Ghaiss Gharibet, theatre director, Canada
• Mohammad Al-Akla, artist, Turkey
• Jehan Almachaan, lawyer, Sweden
• Mouhamad Moukaled, university professor, Lebanon
• Mohamed Ben Jemaa, computer engineer and civil society activist, Canada
• Rasheed Alhaj Saleh, Sweden
• Shaza Elewa, Egypt
• Amna Khawlani, Lebanon
• Farah Abou El Sel, Lebanon
• Hajjar El Fatihi, Germany
• Youla Hana, US
• Bassam Al-Kuwatli, Canada
• Yazan Douedari, UK
• Jamal Othman, psychiatrist, Saudi Arabia
• Aza Fahed, US
• Bassam Mustafa, translator, UAE
• Ahmed Haj Omar, visual artist, Turkey
• Hanibal Alhaffar, Germany
• Noha Alkamcha, Germany
• Fayek Asad, Germany
• Lina Sergie Attar, US
• Waha Alraheb, filmmaker/writer, Lebanon
• Giovanna De Luca, Spain
• Cécile Boëx, Lecturer at EHESS, France
• Lama Abu Odeh, Professor of Law, US
• Sawssan Abou-Zahr, journalist, Lebanon
• Rana Zaitouneh, interior decorator, Canada
• Caterina Coppola, translator, blogger, and activist, Italy
• Bashar Ayub, musician, Syria
• Marina Centonze, librarian, Italy
• Najwa Zahhar, Jordan
• Ahmad Talha, consultant on organisation development, Turkey
• Lubayed Aljundi, US
• Ola Ataya, psychologist, Lebanon
• Ibrahim Mograby, Austria
• Bendik Sorvig, writer, Norway
• Ahmed Safwat, journalist, Egypt
• Dina Al Mufti, lawyer, Egypt
• Sawsan Nourallah, development worker, Lebanon
• Muhammed Shikhani, research associate, Germany
• Maha Ghrer, Turkey
• Nader Fawz, Lebanon
• Sameh Khalaf, translator, Sweden
• Ham Alchirout, Norway
• Nouri Al Jarrah, poet, UK
• Engy Nouhy, translator/researcher, Egypt
• Mona Zeineddine, human rights activist, UK
• Rima Habib, Austria
• Hanan Albalkhe, political activist, Norway
• Abdellah Sadik, Morocco
• Chaima Attafi, women’s rights activist, Canadian Association for Latin American and Caribbean Studies (CALACS)
• Hala Khdeer, Lebanon
• Dima Hussain, PhD Researcher, Italy
• Rouba Choufi, translator and civil society activist, The Netherlands
• Nara Sabbagh, student, US
• Antony Merjan, National Swedish Artists’ Association, Sweden
• Nour Alamo, Turkey
• Samar Almir, civil engineer, Syria
• Rafia Al Masri, writer/journalist, Germany
• Nawar Akkash, teacher, Sweden
• Bob Nechal, Activist, Saint Paul, MN
• Roxanne Abbas, Minnesota Peace Project
• Simona Revelli, Psychoanalyst, UK